NICOLAIDES 2003

/ΣΤΟ ΓΝΩΣΤΟ EDITORIAL 
SCREENING FOR CHROMOSOMAL DEFECTS Ultrasound Obstetrics Gynecology 2003 21 313-321
It is best to base counseling on an individual estimated risk for a chromosomal abnormality, rather than the arbitrary advice that invasive testing is recommended because the risk is ‘high’.

The estimated risk
can be derived by multiplying the background risk (based
on maternal age, gestational age, history of previously
affected pregnancies and, where appropriate, the results
of previous screening by NT and/or biochemistry in the
current pregnancy) by the likelihood ratio of the specific
defect.

I SUSPECT THAT ONLY NASAL BONE HYPOPLASIA ,NUCHAL EDEMA AND THE PRESENCE OF MULTIPLE OTHERS SECOND TRIMESTER SONOGRAPHIC MARKERS WILL BE ASSOCIATED WITH SUFFICIENTLY HIGH LIKELIHOOD RATIOS TO REVERSE A LOW BACKGROUND RISK AFTER FIRST TRIMESTER SCREENING  UOG 2003;21   319 pg